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G4Peak 1 November 1991 at 18:00 UTC

Northern Lights on 1 November 1991 (Kp 8.3): Where They Were Visible

Kp reached 8.3. At that level the edge of the auroral oval reaches about 49.8° magnetic latitude, so the aurora could be seen low on the horizon down to roughly 45.3°. Activity stayed at storm level (Kp 5 or more) for 60 hours.

03579 G1 G3 Tue 29 Oct 12:00 UTC · Kp 4.67 Tue 29 Oct 15:00 UTC · Kp 6.00 Tue 29 Oct 18:00 UTC · Kp 7.00 Tue 29 Oct 21:00 UTC · Kp 5.33 Wed 30 Oct 00:00 UTC · Kp 3.00 Wed 30 Oct 03:00 UTC · Kp 2.67 Wed 30 Oct 06:00 UTC · Kp 2.67 Wed 30 Oct 09:00 UTC · Kp 4.00 Wed 30 Oct 12:00 UTC · Kp 5.00 Wed 30 Oct 15:00 UTC · Kp 5.67 Wed 30 Oct 18:00 UTC · Kp 4.67 Wed 30 Oct 21:00 UTC · Kp 5.00 Thu 31 Oct 00:00 UTC · Kp 5.00 Thu 31 Oct 03:00 UTC · Kp 3.33 Thu 31 Oct 06:00 UTC · Kp 5.33 Thu 31 Oct 09:00 UTC · Kp 5.67 Thu 31 Oct 12:00 UTC · Kp 5.00 Thu 31 Oct 15:00 UTC · Kp 5.00 Thu 31 Oct 18:00 UTC · Kp 5.33 Thu 31 Oct 21:00 UTC · Kp 7.00 Fri 1 Nov 00:00 UTC · Kp 5.33 Fri 1 Nov 03:00 UTC · Kp 3.33 Fri 1 Nov 06:00 UTC · Kp 5.33 Fri 1 Nov 09:00 UTC · Kp 5.33 Fri 1 Nov 12:00 UTC · Kp 6.67 Fri 1 Nov 15:00 UTC · Kp 8.00 Fri 1 Nov 18:00 UTC · Kp 8.33 Fri 1 Nov 21:00 UTC · Kp 7.00 Sat 2 Nov 00:00 UTC · Kp 7.00 Sat 2 Nov 03:00 UTC · Kp 6.33 Sat 2 Nov 06:00 UTC · Kp 3.67 Sat 2 Nov 09:00 UTC · Kp 3.33 Sat 2 Nov 12:00 UTC · Kp 3.00 Sat 2 Nov 15:00 UTC · Kp 3.33 Sat 2 Nov 18:00 UTC · Kp 3.00 Sat 2 Nov 21:00 UTC · Kp 3.00 Sun 3 Nov 00:00 UTC · Kp 2.00 Sun 3 Nov 03:00 UTC · Kp 2.33 Wed 30 OctThu 31 OctFri 1 NovSat 2 NovSun 3 Nov
Kp 0–3 Kp 4 Kp 5–6 (G1–G2) Kp 7+ (G3+) Times in UTC; faded bars are forecasts.

Three-hourly Kp from GFZ, one day either side of the storm.

Where the aurora could be seen

8,662 towns on our list had enough activity while it was dark there. Cloud cover is not included.

CountryPlacesExamplesFurthest from the pole
United States 3,272 New York City, Brooklyn, Chicago, Queens St. Louis
United Kingdom 1,150 London, Birmingham, Glasgow, Manchester Falmouth
Canada 957 Toronto, Montreal, Calgary, Ottawa Yarmouth
Germany 577 Berlin, Hamburg, Köln, Frankfurt Worms
Sweden 474 Stockholm, Gothenburg, Malmö, Uppsala Trelleborg
Finland 454 Helsinki, Espoon keskus, Tampere urban area, Vantaa Hanko
Poland 422 Warsaw, Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź Nowy Targ
Norway 276 Oslo, Bergen, Trondheim, Stavanger Mandal
Denmark 260 Copenhagen, Aarhus, Odense, Aalborg Alholm
Netherlands 149 Rotterdam, Amsterdam, The Hague, Utrecht Maastricht
Ireland 126 Dublin, Cork, Limerick, Galway Cork
Belgium 102 Brussels, Antwerp, Ghent, Charleroi Arlon
Latvia 76 Riga, Daugavpils, Liepāja, Jelgava Daugavpils
Lithuania 73 Vilnius, Kaunas, Klaipeda City Municipality, Šiauliai Druskininkai
Estonia 65 Tallinn, Tartu, Narva, Pärnu Võru
Czechia 43 Prague, Ostrava, Pilsen, Liberec Olomouc
New Zealand 42 Christchurch, Dunedin, Invercargill, Rolleston Greymouth
Iceland 37 Reykjavík, Kópavogur, Hafnarfjörður, Reykjanesbær Vík í Mýrdal
Australia 33 Melbourne, Geelong, Hobart, Ballarat Wodonga
France 28 Lille, Amiens, Roubaix, Tourcoing Charleville
Greenland 14 Nuuk, Sisimiut, Ilulissat, Qaqortoq Nanortalik
Faroe Islands 11 Tórshavn, Klaksvík, Hoyvík, Argir Argir
China 7 Daxing’anling, Jiagedaqi District, Genhe, Oroqen Zizhiqi Jiagedaqi District
Luxembourg 7 Diekirch, Grevenmacher, Wiltz, Echternach Grevenmacher
Kazakhstan 4 Astana, Kostanay, Petropavl, Kokshetau Astana
Ukraine 2 Kyiv, Kharkiv Kharkiv
Svalbard & Jan Mayen 1 Longyearbyen Longyearbyen
Based on each place's Kp threshold (terrain included) and the Sun's position during each 3-hour Kp block.

Only in photos

2,966 more towns could have caught a faint red or green glow low on the horizon with a phone or camera.

Whether the aurora was actually seen also depended on the weather. Use this as a guide to where it was possible.

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